Revisión

Epidemiología del cáncer testicular en España

Blanca Campos Vives, Tatiana P. Grazioso, Jesús García-Donas Jiménez, Elena Sevillano, Arántzazu Barquín, Juan Francisco Rodríguez Moreno

Prepublicado: 2025-05-29

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El cáncer germinal testicular es la neoplasia maligna sólida más frecuente en varones jóvenes entre los 15 y los 40 años. Representa hasta el 95 % de los tumores testiculares primarios. A pesar de su baja incidencia relativa, su impacto clínico y social es considerable debido a su alta curabilidad y a que afecta a una población en edad reproductiva. En las últimas décadas se ha observado un incremento sostenido de su incidencia, particularmente en países desarrollados, incluido España. Su etiopatogenia es compleja y multifactorial, en la que están implicados factores genéticos, hormonales, del desarrollo gonadal y ambientales. La ganancia del cromosoma 12p, las alteraciones epigenéticas y la neoplasia de células germinales in situ constituyen elementos claves en su fisiopatología. España presenta una de las tasas de supervivencia más elevadas de Europa (≈ 95 %), aunque persisten desafíos en el diagnóstico precoz, en la equidad en el acceso a tratamientos y en la comprensión de los factores emergentes de riesgo.

Palabras Clave: Cáncer germinal testicular. Epidemiología. Disgenesia testicular. Factores de riesgo. Supervivencia.

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Revisión: Epidemiología del cáncer de esófago

Publicado: 2022-07-26 / http://dx.doi.org/

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