Revisiones en Cáncer 00079 / http://dx.doi.org/10.20960/revcancer.00079
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Revisión

Cetuximab en el cáncer de células escamosas de cabeza y cuello


Ana Callejo Pérez, Cristina Bayona Antón, María Liliana Cabrera Pinos, Laura Calvo Otero, Laura Viña Gopar, Lina Marcela Valencia Cárdenas, María García González

Prepublicado: 2024-07-11
Publicado: 2024-08-01

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El cetuximab es un anticuerpo monoclonal anti-EGFR que, hasta la actualidad, representa la única terapia biológica dirigida aprobada para el tratamiento de los carcinomas escamosos de cabeza y cuello. El cetuximab es un tratamiento efectivo y bien tolerado tanto en el contexto de enfermedad locorregional como en la situación de enfermedad metastásica o recurrente. Durante su desarrollo se ha evidenciado su actividad sinérgica en concomitancia con radioterapia, con beneficio en supervivencia por encima de la radioterapia sola, y aunque con resultados inferiores al platino, representa una opción para pacientes frágiles no candidatos a quimioterapia. Así mismo, el cetuximab dentro del esquema EXTREME se había establecido como primera línea en el tratamiento de la enfermedad recurrente o metastásica en la era pre-inmunoterapia. No obstante, los esquemas en combinación con taxanos, platino o fluoropirimidinas continúan siendo una opción de tratamiento en progresión a inmunoterapia o en pacientes no candidatos a la misma. En la actualidad, el cetuximab continúa formando parte del arsenal terapéutico para tratar a los pacientes con carcinomas escamoso de cabeza y cuello tanto en enfermedad local como en enfermedad metastásica, representando una opción terapéutica eficaz y bien tolerada, y con un papel activo a lo largo de la evolución de la enfermedad de estos pacientes.

Palabras Clave: Cetuximab. Tratamiento anti- EGFR. Carcinoma escamoso de cabeza y cuello.



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